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Linear Momentum and Force | Physics

Calculate momentum given mass and velocity. ... Force acting over time can change momentum, and Newton's second law of motion, can be stated in its most ...

Krishna
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Step 1: Set up a relation between the change in momentum and net force

Momentum is defined as the mass multiplied by the velocity of any object.

Momentum= mass * velocity

P=mv or \Delta P = \Delta (mv)

Momentum ( P ) = [mass * (acceleration * time)]     \because \text{velocity = } \text{ acceleration * time }

Momentum (P) =[(mass * acceleration) * time]

Momentum (P) = Net force F_{net} * time \Delta t

Net force F_{net} = \frac{P}{t}   or Net force F_{net} = \frac{\Delta P }{\Delta t}

Step 2: Calculating the change in momentum of the dart

Given that

Net force on the dart F_{net} = 20 N

Time take for the dart to hit a dartboard t = 0.50 sec

Change in momentum \Delta P = F_{net} * \Delta t

\Delta P = 20 N * 0.50 s

\Delta P = 10 Ns

Hence, change in momentum of the dart \Delta P = 10 (kg m)/s