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Einstein's Explanation Of Photoelectric Effect - Threshold Frequency ...


Learn about Einstein's Theory of Photoelectric Effect at BYJU'S. ... did not pursue the matter as he felt sure that it could be explained by the wave theory. ... This implies that the kinetic energy of electrons increases with light intensity. ... Thus, the energy of a photon with this frequency must be the work function of the metal.


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Pravalika
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The difference between incident photon energy and the work function of the metal or material is the gain of kinetic energy of an electron, which can be expressed as follows

                     K.E = h\upsilon - \phi

                     Where, h - Planck's constant (6.626*10^{-34}),  \phi - work function, and \upsilon - frequency


        Relation between work function and threshold frequency

                     \phi = h \upsilon_o

                    Where, \upsilon_o - threshold frequency  


Given that

Incident light frequency   \upsilon = 7.21* 10^{14} Hz

Maximum speed of the ejected electrons v = 6.0 * 10^5 m/s

The threshold frequency \upsilon_o= ?


Step 1: Get an expression for the threshold frequency

                   K.E = h \upsilon - h\upsilon_o

                

                  Kinetic energy K.E = \frac{1}{2}mv^2

                  Where, m- mass of an electron (9.1* 10^{-31} ) kg

  

                   \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = h (\upsilon - \upsilon_o)

                   \upsilon_o = \upsilon - \frac{mv^2}{2h}

                    

Step 2: Substitute the known values in the above equation for threshold frequency

                  [math] \upsilon_o = [ 7.21 * 10^{14} - \frac{9.1* 10^{-31} * (6.0 * 10^5 )^2}{2*6.625 * 10^{-34}}] [/math]

                   \upsilon_o = 4.74* 10^{14} Hz


              Hence, the threshold frequency for photoemission of electrons  \upsilon_o = 4.74* 10^{14} Hz