Step 1: Identify the sample space and number of possible outcomes
NOTE: The sample space of an experiment or random trial is the set of all
possible outcomes or results of that experiment
Die has sample space S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Number of outcomes n(S) = 6
Step 2: Determine the favorable outcomes for getting a number greater than 4?
Favourable outcomes for number greater than 4 (E) = {5, 6}
Number of favourable outcomes n(E) = 2
P(E) = \frac{\text{Number of trials in which the event happened}}{\text{Total number of trials}}
Probability P(E) = \frac{2}{6} = \frac{1}{3}